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}} Richard Henry Dalitz (28 February 1925 – 13 January 2006) was an Australian physicist known for his work in particle physics.〔〔 Born in the town of Dimboola, Victoria, Dalitz studied physics and mathematics at Melbourne University before moving to the United Kingdom in 1946, starting his PhD research at the University of Cambridge. After two years he took up a one-year post at the University of Bristol, and then joined Rudolf Peierls' group at University of Birmingham. Dalitz moved to Cornell University in 1953. He then became a professor at the Enrico Fermi Institute in Chicago from 1956 to 1963. Next, he moved to the University of Oxford as a Royal Society research professor, although keeping a connection with Chicago until 1966. He retired in 1990. ==Physics== At Birmingham he completed his thesis demonstrating that the electrically neutral pion could decay into a photon and an electron-positron pair, now known as a Dalitz pair. In addition, he is known for other key developments in particle physics: the Dalitz plot and the Castillejo–Dalitz–Dyson (CDD) poles.〔 Dalitz plots play a central role in the discovery of new particles, in current high-energy physics experiments,〔 and were used in the search for the Higgs boson.〔A. Kasmi, Search for the Standard Model Higgs Boson in final states with photons or taus at the Tevatron, PoS (EPS-HEP 2011) 237.〕 The Dalitz plots were discovered in 1953, while he was at Cornell. Furthermore, Dalitz was directly involved in pioneering quark research and he participated in the identification of the top quark.〔 His various fundamental contributions have led to practitioners in the field to identify Dalitz as one of particle physics "greatest unsung scientists."〔 Dalitz was an old and close friend of John Clive Ward, the creator of the Ward Identities.〔F. J. Duarte, (The man behind an identity in quantum electrodynamics, ''Australian Physics'' 46 (6), 171–175 (2009) )〕 Their friendship began around 1948 when Dalitz independently derived Ward's results〔M. H. L. Pryce and J. C. Ward, Angular correlation effects with annihilation radiation, ''Nature'' 160, 146 (1947).〕 for the polarisation entanglement of two photons propagating in opposite directions.〔J. C. Ward, ''Memoirs of a Theoretical Physicist'' (Optics Journal, New York, 2004).〕 Dalitz co authored a succinct, and yet revealing, account of Ward's physics.〔R. H. Dalitz and F. J. Duarte, John Clive Ward, ''Physics Today'' 53 (10), 99–100 (2000).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Richard Dalitz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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